France has scheduled the full shutdown of its 2G and 3G mobile networks for 2026 [4].
The transition removes obsolete infrastructure to free up spectrum for more efficient 4G and 5G services. However, the move leaves millions of users with outdated hardware and SIM cards that cannot connect to modern networks.
The phase-out process began in 2024 [5]. French telecom regulator ARCEP and mobile operators, including Orange, have been managing the migration to newer technologies across metropolitan France. Regional impacts have been noted in areas such as Deux-Sèvres and Calvados.
Scale of the disruption is significant. Approximately 12 million devices could become obsolete [1]. In the Calvados region alone, 2,031 Orange customers were identified as needing to purchase new phones and change their subscriptions to maintain service [3].
ARCEP said it is concerned over the number of legacy components still in use. According to the regulator, 5.6 million 2G and 3G SIM cards remain in circulation [2]. These cards are incompatible with the higher-speed networks now dominating the French telecom landscape.
Operators are replacing the legacy copper and cellular infrastructure to improve overall network efficiency. This shift is part of a broader effort to modernize digital connectivity throughout the country, a move that requires a massive hardware upgrade for the remaining legacy user base.
“Approximately 12 million devices could become obsolete in France”
The termination of 2G and 3G networks represents the final step in France's transition to a high-speed digital economy. While the shift optimizes spectrum for 5G, it creates a 'digital divide' risk for elderly or low-income users who rely on basic feature phones. The scale of obsolescence—affecting millions of devices—highlights the friction between infrastructure modernization and consumer hardware lifecycles.
