The Australian Bureau of Statistics will include separate questions on gender identity and sexual orientation in the 2026 national census [1, 2].
This shift allows the government to capture precise data on LGBTQ+ Australians to better reflect community diversity and improve the planning of public services and policies [4, 5].
This marks the first time in 115 years [1] that the national census will specifically ask residents about their sexual orientation and gender identity. The new question set was first announced on Tuesday, Aug. 11, 2024 [6].
Participation in these specific sections is available to people aged 16 and over [3]. The census will be conducted across every participating household in Australia [2].
While the census aims for inclusivity, the government maintains strict rules regarding the accuracy of the data. Providing false or misleading information on the census can result in a maximum fine of $3,640 [4].
The Bureau of Statistics has outlined a phased timeline for the release of the resulting data. Most topics are scheduled for release in June 2027 [4]. A smaller set of specific topics, such as employment data, will be released later in October 2027 [4].
Officials said the move is intended to make LGBTQ+ populations more visible in national statistics, which has historically left gaps in the understanding of the community's specific needs.
“First time in 115 years that the census will ask about gender identity and sexual orientation”
The inclusion of these metrics represents a transition toward a more granular demographic model in Australia. By moving from binary sex markers to distinct gender identity and sexual orientation data, the government can identify specific socioeconomic disparities facing LGBTQ+ citizens, potentially shifting how healthcare, housing, and social services are allocated across the country.
