Scientists said that primordial black holes formed during the Big Bang may eventually transition into energy-spewing white holes [1].
This theoretical shift challenges established views on black hole evaporation. If black holes can bounce into white holes, it would resolve long-standing paradoxes regarding the permanent loss of information and matter from the observable universe.
The research, reported in May 2026, focuses on primordial black holes created in the early universe [3]. These objects were previously thought to evaporate entirely over time due to Hawking radiation. However, new models propose that quantum-gravity effects could prevent this total disappearance [3].
Instead of vanishing, these black holes may reach a critical point where they avoid eternal evaporation. The theory posits that they instead bounce into white holes—theoretical opposites of black holes that expel matter and energy rather than pulling it in [1], [4].
This transition would allow the energy and matter trapped inside a black hole to be released back into space [4]. The research suggests these primordial objects could live far longer than previous calculations indicated [1], [2].
While white holes remain theoretical, this work provides a mathematical framework for how such a transition might occur. The process relies on the behavior of gravity at the smallest quantum scales, where traditional general relativity breaks down [3].
Researchers said that this mechanism could explain the fate of the smallest black holes formed shortly after the Big Bang [1]. By transforming into white holes, these objects would act as delayed-release capsules of early-universe energy [2].
“Primordial black holes could survive far longer than expected.”
This research suggests a fundamental change in the lifecycle of primordial black holes. If the transition to white holes is verified, it would mean the universe possesses a mechanism to recover information and energy that was previously considered lost forever, potentially altering models of cosmic evolution and dark matter.
