Daily cannabis users are facing a chronic condition called cannabis hyperemesis syndrome, which causes recurrent vomiting, nausea, and abdominal pain [1, 2].
This development is significant as the syndrome is often underdiagnosed and can lead to frequent emergency room visits. The condition appears to be emerging more frequently across North America and Europe as cannabis use becomes more widespread [3, 4].
Cannabis hyperemesis syndrome, or CHS, is characterized by severe bouts of nausea and vomiting [1, 2]. Recent research suggests the prevalence of CHS among regular cannabis users is approximately 20%, meaning nearly one in five users may be affected [1]. Other reports describe the affected population as a smaller group of heavy users [5].
Medical experts believe the syndrome is triggered by chronic exposure to cannabinoids [4, 6]. This is particularly true for those using high-potency products or vaping devices, which may dysregulate the body's endocannabinoid system [4, 6]. Some studies suggest that vaping may be linked to an earlier onset of these symptoms [4].
Cases have been reported in Canada and the U.S., where some patients have landed in emergency departments seeking relief [3]. The syndrome often persists until the user ceases cannabis consumption entirely [1].
Because the symptoms mimic other gastrointestinal issues, patients often undergo unnecessary tests before the link to cannabis is discovered [2]. The rising use of concentrated THC products is believed to be a contributing factor to the increase in reported cases [4, 6].
“Nearly one in five regular users suffers from CHS”
The rise of cannabis hyperemesis syndrome highlights a growing gap between the legalization and widespread use of cannabinoids and the clinical understanding of their long-term physiological effects. As potency increases through vaping and concentrates, public health systems in the US and Europe may see a sustained increase in emergency admissions for what initially appear to be unrelated gastric crises.
