The European Union is expanding its IRIS² satellite constellation to 348 satellites [2] to establish a sovereign communications network for member states.
This initiative represents a strategic move to secure European digital autonomy. By building its own infrastructure, the EU seeks to reduce its dependence on non-EU providers, such as the Starlink network, for critical government and military data.
The project operates with a budget of €15.6 billion [1]. Within the expanded constellation, 66 satellites are specifically earmarked for use by defence, security, and emergency services [3]. This dedicated capacity is designed to ensure that essential government functions remain operational during crises, regardless of the availability of commercial third-party services.
Officials said the network will increase EU government communications capacity by approximately 60% [1]. This boost in bandwidth and connectivity is intended to streamline coordination between member states and improve the responsiveness of emergency services across the continent.
While the expansion decision was finalized in 2024, the physical deployment is a long-term effort. The first launches of the IRIS² satellites are scheduled to begin in 2029 [2].
The network will be operated by the EU for its member states, ensuring that the infrastructure remains under European jurisdiction [1]. This sovereign control is a primary driver of the project, as it prevents external entities from controlling or interrupting the flow of sensitive government communications.
“The EU is expanding its IRIS² satellite constellation to 348 satellites”
The IRIS² project signals a shift toward 'strategic autonomy' in space, treating satellite connectivity as critical national infrastructure rather than a commercial utility. By investing billions into a sovereign constellation, the EU is insulating its defence and emergency sectors from the geopolitical risks associated with relying on private companies based outside its borders.
