Summer temperatures in approximately 40 Indian coastal districts will rise by more than 1 °C by 2040, according to a new report [1].
This warming threatens the lives, livelihoods, and ecosystems of millions living along the coast. The projections highlight an immediate climate risk for regions already vulnerable to sea-level rise and extreme weather events.
The report, titled "Indian Coastal Region: Climate Projections 2021-2040," was authored by Azim Premji University [2]. It focuses on the risks facing India's coastline, which stretches approximately 11,000 km [2].
Researchers found that the temperature spikes will be particularly acute in several districts within Tamil Nadu and Kerala [2]. For specific urban centers, the data indicates localized warming; Mumbai is projected to see a temperature rise of 1.3 °C by 2040 [3].
These regional increases are part of a broader national trend. The report said that India's average temperature is projected to increase by 1.5 °C by 2040 [1].
The study attributes these changes to greenhouse-gas-driven climate change [2]. The rise in summer heat is expected to create dangerous conditions for coastal populations who rely on outdoor labor and fishing, industries that are highly sensitive to thermal shifts.
Climate scientists have long warned that coastal regions are disproportionately affected by global warming. The combination of rising air temperatures and high humidity in these districts may increase the frequency of lethal heatwaves.
“Summer temperatures in approximately 40 Indian coastal districts will rise by more than 1 °C by 2040”
The projection of a 1.5 °C national increase and localized spikes in coastal districts suggests that India's maritime regions will face compounded climate stress. Because these areas are already prone to cyclones and flooding, the addition of extreme summer heat creates a multi-hazard environment that could disrupt food security and public health infrastructure.
