Kyoto gardens serve as urban refuges for local amphibians

Gardens at temples, shrines, and schools in Kyoto are providing essential habitats for local amphibian species within the urban environment ^[1], ^[2].

These small-scale water bodies are critical because rapid urbanization continues to reduce the natural landscapes where amphibians typically live and breed. By acting as urban oases, these managed gardens prevent the total disappearance of local species from the city center ^[1], ^[2].

Kyoto is known for its dense network of traditional gardens. While these spaces are often maintained for aesthetic or spiritual purposes, they simultaneously function as biological corridors. The ponds and streams found in these locations offer the moisture and shelter necessary for amphibians to survive the heat and dryness of a concrete-heavy cityscape ^[1], ^[2].

Environmental pressures in Japan have led to a widespread loss of wetlands. As natural marshes are paved over for infrastructure, the fragmented nature of urban greenery becomes a primary survival mechanism for wildlife. The presence of these amphibians in managed gardens suggests that traditional Japanese landscaping may inadvertently support biodiversity ^[1], ^[2].

Researchers said that the specific design of temple and shrine gardens, which often incorporate natural stone and flowing water, mimics the original ecosystems of the region. This allows species to persist even as the surrounding city expands ^[1], ^[2].

Local schools also contribute to this network. By maintaining small ponds and green spaces, educational institutions provide additional stepping stones for amphibians moving through the city ^[1], ^[2]. This distribution of habitats helps maintain genetic diversity among populations that would otherwise be isolated by roads and buildings ^[1], ^[2].