Ultraviolet radiation from the sun can dry out hair, weaken the cuticle, and fade hair color [1, 2, 3].
This damage affects overall hair health and appearance for anyone with exposed hair. Because the scalp and hair are often left uncovered in outdoor settings, the risk of structural degradation increases during periods of high UV levels [1, 2].
Sun exposure is particularly impactful during the summer months or at locations such as beaches and pools [1, 2]. The damage occurs because ultraviolet radiation breaks down the protein structure of the hair [1, 3]. This process leads to hair that is brittle and dry, making it more susceptible to breakage.
Beyond the physical structure, UV rays target the hair's pigmentation. The radiation degrades melanin pigments, which are responsible for the hair's natural or dyed color [1, 3]. This results in visible fading and a loss of vibrancy over time.
Protective measures are necessary to mitigate these effects. The damaging agent is the sun's radiation, which acts on the hair and scalp whenever they are not shielded from direct light [1, 2]. While the effects may seem cosmetic, the weakening of the cuticle represents a physical change in the hair's integrity [1, 2, 3].
“Ultraviolet radiation breaks down the protein structure of hair”
The degradation of hair by UV radiation highlights the importance of scalp and hair protection as a component of broader sun-safety routines. While often viewed as a cosmetic concern, the breakdown of protein structures and the weakening of the cuticle indicate that sun damage is a physical deterioration of the hair's biological integrity.
